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Inspiring and Supporting Photographers of Australian Birds

Australian Ringneck

Photographed by

David Tribe on Fri 4th Oct, 2019 and uploaded on Mon 10th Feb, 2020 .

Resolution

1050x1050

Viewed

398

38897

Comment

The main reason for submission is to get feedback on image processing and quality and approach I have used Adobe Lightroom to prepare images for transfer as layers in Photoshop where I merged bird and de-noised background.

Equipment

Camera ILCE-7R (Sony) camera 400 mm Canon f2.8 LII prime Lens at f4.5 , Tripod ISO 6400 1/1250 Oct 4 2019

Location

Gluepot Reserve, Waikerie, South Australia

Keywords

adult

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Ian Wilson	2020-02-13 21:31:28	Hello David, I am glad you have submitted an image to the Critique Gallery, it is something we recommend for all new members. You did not ask for feedback on aesthetic issues, you are probably well-aware of the shortcomings. For members who might be wondering; the main issue is cropping the bird’s tail, this must be avoided. The branch in front of the tail and the large out of focus stump in the lower left are also unfortunate. Eye-contact is also desirable. You have asked about the image editing which in principle is an OK workflow but would be better if you included in your selection for NR the branch in front of the tail and the extension of the main perch to the upper right. The amount of NR on the background is effective. My main concern is the un-natural appearance of the plumage in many places. This is due to aliases and moiré, a consequence of using a camera without anti-aliasing filter. Plumage usually has areas of repeating patterns, especially feather barbs precisely laid out side by side, and these repeating patterns are the cause of moiré and aliases. Moiré occurs when the spacing of the repeating pattern is close to a low multiple of the sampling frequency. The sampling frequency is the spatial frequency of the sensor array, in the case of the Sony A7R it is about 206 pixels/mm. So whenever there are repeating patterns in the image near 206/mm, 103/mm… and so on, there is likely to be moiré. The moiré frequency is the difference frequency between integer fractions of the sampling frequency (206/mm) and the image frequency. So when the difference is small, say a few cycles/mm, the moiré shows up as a broad band of contrast in the image. This contrast is nothing to do with the natural appearance of the plumage and is only dependent upon the sampling frequency of the digital sensor. Photograph the bird with a sensor having a different pixel pitch and the moiré could be absent or appear in a completely different part of the plumage. Aliasing occurs when the image has repeating patterns of fine detail with a spatial frequency higher than the Nyquist frequency. The Nyquist frequency (103 cycles/mm) is half the sampling frequency and is the highest spatial frequency that can be faithfully recorded by the sensor. If there are higher spatial frequencies in the image focused on the sensor (lens out-resolving the sensor), these will appear in the output signal as low frequency components – they are fake signals and known as aliases. Your 400 mm f/2.8 will out-resolve the A7R by a long way. In order to prevent this happening, digital cameras are usually provided with an anti-aliasing filter. Your camera does not have an AA-filter, which is fine for landscape photography where there are not usually repeating patterns, but it is not good for architect, fashion and wildlife photography where there are often repeating patterns in the fine detail. In your image there are aliases and patches of moiré that serve to give an un-natural appearance to the plumage. Cameras without AA-filters are not the best choice for bird photography. Kind regards, Ian
David Tribe	2020-02-15 19:23:01	That's very helpful. Fortunately I have another camera Canon 7D that may get past these problems. I'm especially happy to get your advice on composition. Thanks
Glenn Pure	2020-02-20 15:55:19	Ian may well be right with his diagnosis but I notice this is taken at moderately high ISO and there is still some noise evident in the background, particularly the out of focus branch running diagonally to the top of the image. I suspect noise on the bird and the absence or little noise reduction applied to it is contributing to the odd appearance of the plumage. You don't indicate if this is much of a crop from the original frame. If it is a moderately big crop, I'd further suspect noise and a significant contributor to the odd plumage appearance.

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	143/283 in Critique Gallery
	2/2 by David Tribe
	63/128 of Australian Ringneck
	997/2268 of Parrots, Lorikeets and Rosellas
	17904/34429 Overall
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